earthquake example, 125
economics, 80–81
Edelman, Gerald M., 122
efficiency, 114–16
EI (emotional intelligence), 179–86
Einstein, Albert, 132
Ekman, Paul, 5, 12, 13, 43, 51, 52, 53, 158
Elliott, Robert, 226
Emotient, 173
emotion
as a category of instances, 16
vs. cognition, 222–23
concept of, 148–49
differentiating, 2–3 (see also emotional granularity)
experience of, xiii
functions of, 138–39
mastering, 187–94
as meaning, 126
as real, 134 (see also reality; social reality)
vs. reason, xi
as social reality, 279
vocal and hormone signatures, 370 n46
emotion, classical view of, x–xii, xiii–xiv, 16, 31–32, 34, 43, 152
basic assumptions of, 35–39
brain areas, 19
challenges to, 7
emotional granularity, 3
essentialism, 158–70
facial expression, 4–12
inheritance of emotion, 143–44
law and, 244
misattribution in, 31
perception of emotion, 197
personal responsibility, 154
on source of emotion concepts, 94
emotion, instance of. See instance of emotion
emotion acculturation, 150
emotion categories, 35, 39, 89, 133, 135
emotion communication, 139
emotion concepts, 30, 39, 94–104
animals, 254
body budget, 107–11
context, 33
as critical for experiencing/perceiving emotion, 107
deactivation of, 372 n9
emotional granularity, 106
emotional intelligence, 180
functions of, 139
as goal-based concepts, 92–94
making meaning and, 138
success of basic emotion method, 51–52
teaching across cultural boundaries, 54
without words, 105
See also concepts
emotion perception, 39–40, 139–40
in children, 101
emotional intelligence, 194–97
in faces, 42–55
by juries, 230–33
emotion recognition, 5–7, 43–45, 367 n8. See also basic emotion method; emotion perception
emotion regulation, 124
emotion words, 45–46, 100–103, 138, 163
Emotional Brain, The (LeDoux), 274
emotional expressions. See expressions of emotion
emotional granularity, 2–3, 106, 180
emotional harm, 240–43, 250–51
emotional intelligence (EI), 179–86
Emotional Intelligence (Goleman), 81, 179–80
energy needs, 66. See also body budget
enteric nervous system 290–91
environment, construction of, 83
environment, physical, 178–79
essentialism, 157–70, 245–46, 278, 286, 287–88, 318–20
Eugenides, Jeffrey, 181
evolution, xi, 60, 156–57, 164, 165, 280, 385–86 n7, 401 n11, 405 n9
evolutionary psychology, 158
experience, positive, 183
experience, prior, 26, 27, 59, 122, 125, 126
experiential blindness, 26, 29, 85, 113
Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, The (Darwin), 4, 157, 158–60, 165–66
expressions of emotion, 5, 15, 51, 52–53
chimpanzees, 102
Darwin and, 166
legal system, 244–45