AAAA records, 891

AAC Audio, 270, 272

<a> (anchor) element, usage, 92

Absolute

• reference, 92

• units, 130

Absolute positioning, 287

• ancestor container (relationship), 288f

• confusion, 287

• example, 287f

• usage, 289f

Accept-Encoding header, 61

Accept header, 61

Accessibility, 215, 1002

• forms, 217–218

• improvement, 123

• Rich Internet Applications (ARIA) role, 218

Action (Redux), 591

ActionScript, 352

Active Directory, 18

ActiveRecord, 764

Active Server Pages (ASP), 605

Actors (Open Graph), 815–817, 964

Ad Action, 994

Ad Click, 994

Additive colors, 244

<address> element, 110

• example, 111c

Address resolution, 55–57

• process, 55

Adobe Flash, 268

AdSense network, 993

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), 837

Advertisements (advertising)

• creation, 993

• dynamic ads, 993

• graphic ads, 992

• interstitial ad, 992

• networks, 992

  • ad placements, 994f

  • real-time auctions, 994f

• text ads, 992

• types, 992–993

• web, fundamentals of, 991–995

Ad View, 994

Aggregate functions, 725

• usage, 727f

AJAX, 353

Alpha transparency, 247

Analytics, 996–999

• flow analysis, 999, 1001f

• Google Analytics tool, 999, 1000f

• internal, 997–999

• metrics, 997

• support tools, 995–1003

• third-party, 999

Ancestors, 80, 139

• position, absolute position (relationship), 288f

Anchor text, 949

Angular, 548

Animation, 264, 329–332

• example, 330c, 331f

• properties, 330t

• vs. transitions, 329f

Anonymous functions, 389

Apache

• configuration, 905–907

• installation, 608–609

• request and response management, 914–925

• web server, 69

Apple OSX MAMP software stack, 69

Application data caching, 800–803

Application layer, 48

Application programming interface (API), 419

• adding routes, 689, 689c

• creating a CRUD, 692–695

• passing Data, 694–695

• sending data, 694f

• testing Tools, 695, 695f

Application servers, 18

Application stack, 69

A records, 891

ARPANET, 74

• creation, 5

Arrays (JavaScript), 375–379

• defined, 375, 377f

• destructuring, 378–379

• elements, accessing, 376c

• iteration, 378

• literal notation, 375

• multidimensional arrays, 375c

Arrays (PHP), 635–642

• access, PHP array (usage), 635–636

• associative arrays, 636

• defined, 635–636

• elements, keys (assignation), 636f

• example, 661–663

• iteration, 639–640

  • loops, usage, 639c

• keys, 635

• key-value array, visualization, 635f

• multidimensional arrays, 636–638

• strings, usage, 637f

• superglobal arrays, 652–655

• values, 635

Arrow functions/syntax, 399

• changes to “this”, 402, 402f

• overview, 401f

Artifacts, 258

• JPEG, 259f

<aside> element, 108–109

ASP.NET, 18, 31, 71, 605, 793

Asset management, 982, 982f

Associative arrays, 636, 661

• iteration, 639

Asymmetric cryptography. See Public key cryptography

async. . .await, 518–521

• fetching data, 520–521

• problems, 522f

• usage, 521f

Asynchronous coding, 353, 499–512

• common mistakes, 508

• data requests, 502f, 503–506

• JavaScript with XML (AJAX), 353

• using async. . .await, 518–522

• using fetch, 503–509, 507f

• using promises, 514–518

• web poll, illustration, 503f

Attributes, 79

• HTML, 79, 80f

• selectors, 136

  • example, 136f, 136c

  • types, 137t

• XML, 77

Audio, 268–273

• formats, browser support, 272t

<audio> element, usage, 273f

Audit and attack, 859–860

Auditing, 821

Authentication, 824

• approaches, 825–833

• factors, 824

• form-based, 827–829, 828f

• HTTP, 826–827, 826f

• multifactor, 825

• oAuth, 830, 832f

• policy, 818

• servers, 18

• single-factor, 825

• stateless, 829, 829f

• third-party, 830–833

• token-based, 829–830, 831f

• web, approaches to, 825–833

Author-created style sheet, 132

Authoritative records, 893

Authorization, 833–834

autocomplete attribute (HTML), 207

autofocus attribute (HTML), 206

AUTO_INCREMENT, 728–729

Automated intrusion blocking, 859

Availability, 815, 815f

• loss of, 816

Average Visit Duration, 997

AWStats, 998, 998f