1.6 Chapter Summary

This chapter has been broad in its coverage of how the Internet and the web work. It began with a short history of the Internet and how those early choices are still affecting the web today. The chapter provided a picture of the client and server as well as the hardware component of the web and the Internet, from your home router, to gigantic web farms, to the many tentacles of undersea and overland fiber optic cable. Finally, some insight into careers and companies in web development provided the context where you will eventually apply the skills learned by working through this textbook.

1.6.1 Key Terms

1.6.2 Review Questions

  1. What are the advantages of packet switching in comparison to circuit switching?

  2. What are the five essential elements of the early web that are still the core features of the modern web?

  3. Describe the relative advantages and disadvantages of web-based applications in comparison to traditional desktop applications.

  4. What is an intranet?

  5. What is a dynamic web page? How does it differ from a static page?

  6. What does Web 2.0 refer to?

  7. What is the client-server model of communications? How does it differ from peer-to-peer?

  8. Discuss the relationship between server farms, data centers, and Internet exchange points. Be sure to provide a definition for each.

  9. What kinds of jobs are available in web development? That is, describe the broad job categories within web development.

  10. What sorts of service can a company offer in the web development world?

  11. What is a full-stack developer? What types of companies typically hire full-stack developers?

1.6.3 References

  1. 1. J. Postel, “Internet Protocol,” September 1981. [Online]. http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc791.txt.

  2. 2. J. Postel, “Transmission Control Protocol,” September 1981. [Online]. http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc793.txt.

  3. 3. R. Hauben, “From the ARPANET to the Internet,” 2001. [Online]. http://www.columbia.edu/~rh120/other/tcpdigest_paper.txt.

  4. 4. T. Berners-Lee, “The World Wide Web Project,” December 1992. [Online]. http://www.w3.org/History/19921103-hypertext/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html.

  5. 5. http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2013/07/15/ballmer-microsoft-has-1-million-servers/.

  6. 6. S. Wainford, “What Skills Gap Exists in Web & Mobile Development?” 2015. [Online]. http://firebuilder.com/research/.

  7. 7. K. Orrela, “41 Job Titles in Tech. Which one will be yours?” 2015. [Online]. http://skillcrush.com/2015/03/05/41-tech-job-titles/.

  8. 8. M. Loukides, What is DevOps: Infrastructure as Code. O’Reilly Media. 2012.