IANA, 349
iBGP. See internal BGP
IBM, 61
ICANN. See Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
ICMP. See Internet Control Message Protocol
ICMP messages, 139
IDEA, 630
IDSs. See intrusion detection systems
IEEE 802.1Q, 489, 491
IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet), 479
IEEE 802.3z (Gigabit Ethernet), 479
IEEE 802.5, 465
IEEE 802.11, 17, 520
access points, 533–534
adapters, 533, 537
ad hoc networks, 534
architecture, 533–537
authentication, 536–537
basic service set, 533, 544, 546–547
channels and association, 534–537
collision detection, 537–538
CRCs, 538, 543
frame transmission, 538
frequency ranges, 532
handoff in subnets, 546–547
hidden terminals and, 540–542
MAC addresses in, 469
MAC protocol, 537–542
mobility on same IP subnet, 546–547
as point-to-point link, 542
power management, 548
public access, 64, 523
rate adaptation, 547–548
RTS/CTS control frames, 540–542
standards, 532
IEEE 802.11ac, 532
IEEE 802.11b, interference from other devices, 525
IEEE 802.11 frames, 542
address fields, 543–545
MAC addresses in, 543–545
payload and CRC fields, 543
sequence number, duration, and frame control fields, 545
IEEE 802.11g, 532
IEEE 802.11i, 648–650
IEEE 802.11n, 532
IEEE 802.15.1, 549–550
IEEE 802.15.4, 550–551
IEEE 802.16, 560
IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee, 5
IETF. See Internet Engineering Task Force
IETF Mobile Ad Hoc Network working group, 562
IKE. See Internet Key Exchange
IKE SA, 645
IMAP. See Internet Mail Access Protocol
indirect routing, 565–568, 571
information propagation, 303
infrastructure mode, 522
infrastructure wireless LANs, 534
Initialization Vector (IV), 603, 636, 648–649
in-order packet delivery, 311
input port, 314
input port processing, 316–319
forwarding tables in, 317–318
input queuing, 322
instantaneous throughput, 44
integrity checks, 641
Intel, 478
Intel 710 adapter, 443
intelligent software agents, 80
inter-area routing, 394–395
inter-autonomous system routing protocol, 395, 405
interconnection networks, 495
routing algorithms in, 499
switching via, 320–321
interface, 335
API, 89
NIC, 443
SDN controller, 410–411
socket, 6, 89
interference, 525
interleaving, 694, 696
internal BGP (iBGP), 397–398
internal router, 396
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 52
International Telecommunication Union (ITU), 620
Internet. See also access networks
best-effort service in, 312
broadband, 64
Cerf on, 371–372
commercialization of, 63
components of, 2–5
DNS and presence on, 406–407
enterprise access, 16–17
history of, 59–65
home access, 13–16
network core, 21, 22
network edges, 9–11
network layer, 312
obtaining presence on, 406–407
registries, 341
router self-synchronization, 383
routing algorithms used in, 379
as service infrastructure, 5–6
services not provided by, 95
topology of, 486
transport layer, 191–193
transport services provided by, 93–95
Internet applications, transport protocols used by, 203
Internet checksum, 448, 611–612
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), 419–421
IPv6 and, 421
message types, 420
packet filtering and, 653
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), 138, 341, 392
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), 5, 348, 620, 736
Internet Exchange Points (IXPs), 33–34
CDNs in, 150
Google infrastructure at, 151, 156
Netflix infrastructure at, 155
Internet Key Exchange (IKE), 645
Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP), 123, 125–126
Internet of Things (IoT), 11, 590
Internet Protocol (IP), 5, 51, 371, 517. See also IPv4; IPv6
best-effort service, 688–689
ICMP and, 419
service model, 192
stack for, 50
total annual traffic using, 4
transition to, 62
Internet Real-Time Lab, 736
Internet registrars, 406
Internet Service Providers (ISPs), 4–5
access, 32
backbone, 404
CDNs and, 150
AS configurations, 392
global transit, 32
Google infrastructure at, 151, 156
multi-home, 33
multi-homed access, 404
Netflix infrastructure at, 155
peering agreements among, 404–405
PoP, 33
routing among, 395–407
Internet standards, 5
Internet Systems Consortium, 345
Internet telephony, 95, 680, 690
Internet video, 147–148
internetworking, 60–62
intra-autonomous system routing, 391–395, 405
intra-domain routing, 503–504
intrusion detection systems (IDSs), 348, 595, 659–662
intrusion prevention systems (IPSs), 348, 659
Intserv, 312
IoT. See Internet of Things
IP. See Internet Protocol
IP addresses, 63, 90, 127
broadcast, 341, 343
classes of, 338–339
DHCP, 342–345
Internet presence and, 406
IPv4, 334–345
IPv6, 349
MAC addresses and, 469
NAT and, 345–347
obtaining blocks of, 341
SIP and, 704–706
socket programming, 159
temporary, 342
IP-anycast, 402–403
IP datagram, 501
IP forwarding table, 502
IP fragmentation
iPhones, 18
IPsec, 354, 617, 637, 638–639
AH and ESP, 640
datagram, 641–644
key management, 645
packet forms, 641–642
security associations, 640–641, 645
IP spoofing, 58–59, 623
IPSs. See intrusion prevention systems
IP traffic, volume of, 4
IPv4
addressing, 334–345
datagram format, 330–332
datagram fragmentation, 332–335
transitioning to IPv6 from, 352–354
IPv6, 348
adoption of, 352–353
datagram format, 349–351
ICMP, 421
transitioning to, 352–354
tunneling, 352–353
IPX, 386, 470
IS-IS, 392, 413, 504
ISO. See International Organization for Standardization
ISO IDRP, 386
ISPs. See Internet Service Providers
iterative queries, 133
ITU. See International Telecommunication Union
IV. See Initialization Vector
IXPs. See Internet Exchange Points